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A Forager’s Year

No. 116

Riverbank goldenrod

Solidago rupestris

rock goldenrod

Flowers, buds & pollen flowers (tea, or fresh as a garnish)

Drawing: Canada goldenrod, Britton & Brown, Illustrated Flora (1913)

Weakly sourced. no source describes eating riverbank goldenrod itself; its uses and safety notes are those given for goldenrods in general.

Find
Elusive
Effort
Grab & eat
ID risk
Careful
Origin
native
Safety marks
  • Toxic lookalike
Uses
  • Eat raw / salad
  • Tea

Season

  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec

in season peak

Picking: No park we checked allows it. Riverbank goldenrod is ranked S1, critically imperiled, on both Maryland’s (March 2026) and Virginia’s (September 2026) rare-plant lists (Maryland DNR; Virginia DCR). See Where you may pick.

What these mean

Find

1 Everywhere · 2 Common in the right habitat · 3 Patchy · 4 Elusive. This is about how much there is, not whether you may pick it. It is based on iNaturalist sightings within 25 km (about 15 miles) of downtown DC, counted on October 3, 2026. The four rules that each plant’s “Find” reason refers to: (A) the estimate is the confirmed sightings, plus the unconfirmed ones (scaled down where the plant has lookalikes in its genus), plus the sightings marked as planted; (B) the tier by estimate: 1,500 or more is tier 1, 250–1,499 tier 2, 50–249 tier 3, under 50 tier 4; (C) tier 1, Everywhere, also needs a source saying the plant is common in lawns, sidewalks, yards or gardens, vacant lots or towns, or at least one DC street tree of it per km of sidewalk, otherwise it is tier 2; (D) if a reliable source says the plant is rare in this region, or that wild plants rarely bear the harvest, only planted sightings count. iNaturalist is a website and phone app where people post photos of the plants and animals they see. A sighting is “research grade” when other users have confirmed what it is; “needs ID” sightings are not confirmed yet, and “cultivated” ones are marked as planted.

Effort

1 Grab & eat · 2 Quick kitchen prep (under about 30 minutes) · 3 Real work (hours, or cooking needed for safety) · 4 Project (days or equipment). Scored on the simplest worthwhile use; each plant’s page says why.

ID risk

How hard it is to harvest safely. Beginner: no dangerous lookalike, and the edible part is not easily confused with a toxic part. Careful: a toxic lookalike, or toxic parts that end up in the harvest unless removed (for example elderberry stems, unripe ground cherries), or other parts of the plant rated medium-or-higher toxicity, with reliable features to separate them. Expert only: a potentially deadly lookalike that is hard to separate, or (for not-recommended harvests like pokeweed) a plant whose safe preparation can’t be guaranteed. Toxic parts that are obviously separate and thrown away anyway (pits, seeds, skins) don’t raise it; the Toxic parts mark carries that warning.

Native or not, and the invader stars

Origin is where the plant comes from: native, non-native, or mixed (the harvest covers both). The stars rate plants on invasive plant lists: ★★★ Virginia DCR “High” or Maryland prohibited invasive · ★★ Virginia “Medium” · ★ Virginia “Low” · ☆ listed only by the Maryland Invasive Species Council or the Mid-Atlantic Plant Invaders guide (advisory) · no stars: native or not listed.

Safety marks and flags

Deadly lookalike / Toxic lookalike: a cited source names a lookalike of that danger, recorded near DC (an iNaturalist sighting within 25 km, a DC street tree, or a Smithsonian listing for DC) and looking like the part you eat. Other lookalikes are still listed, marked “not recorded near DC” or as not looking like the part you eat. Deadly means a source says eating it may be fatal or calls it deadly, or NC State rates it high severity with life-threatening symptoms (sources sometimes disagree; for example Virginia creeper). Each plant’s Lookalikes list says how to tell them apart; “harmless (may be edible)” lookalikes are listed so you know a mix-up isn’t dangerous. Cook first: cooking is needed for safety (for daylilies it is a precaution, not a sourced requirement). Eat in moderation: a source says to limit quantity or frequency (for example oxalates in sorrels and dock, ginkgotoxin, safrole). Spray risk: a source says the plant is commonly treated with herbicide in parks or lawns (invasive control, lawn weeds) or, for ginkgo, sprayed to stop fruiting. Contamination: a source says the plant concentrates pollutants. Each plant’s Safety flags list gives the details and sources.

Seasons

Start, peak and end are given in thirds of a month: early, mid or late. A plant counts as in season for a month if it is in season at any point in that month. Some greens and roots have a second window, in spring or fall; their page shows each window. A season that runs across New Year is shown as one window.

What it looks like

A native perennial goldenrod of the daisy family, about 1½ to 5 feet tall, that spreads by creeping underground stems (Flora of North America). Each stem carries many crowded, narrow leaves, about 2 to 4½ inches long and ¼ to ½ inch wide, tapering at both ends, with three veins and smooth or finely toothed edges (Flora of North America). In late summer, tiny yellow flower heads crowd one side of curving branches in a large branched cluster (Flora of North America). It is hard to tell from Canada and giant goldenrod: it has narrower leaves than giant goldenrod, sparser hairs and fewer ray flowers than Canada goldenrod (University of Waterloo; Flora of North America). No source describes its taste; its food uses are those given for goldenrods in general.

Safety

No poisoning of people is reported for goldenrods in the extension and government sources checked; NC State says young goldenrod leaves are edible and the plant is used for herbal tea. No source checked deals with eating riverbank goldenrod itself, so these notes are for goldenrods in general. Goldenrod can cause allergies: a 2010 study found that goldenrod and latex allergies can cross-react (Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology), and the European Medicines Agency says people allergic to daisy-family (Compositae) plants should not use goldenrod. The European Medicines Agency also says people with a skin allergy (contact dermatitis) to daisy-family plants should avoid touching goldenrod, and Eat The Weeds says goldenrod has been linked to cases of dermatitis. The European Medicines Agency advises against goldenrod tea for people with severe heart or kidney disease who must limit fluids, for those taking diuretic (water) pills, during pregnancy or breastfeeding, and for children under 12, and gives 2 to 4 weeks as the usual length of use; its guidance concerns European goldenrod. The European Medicines Agency also lists allergic reactions and digestive upsets as possible side effects of goldenrod tea. Toxic lookalikes: ragworts and groundsels, which can damage the liver, can look similar to goldenrod to a new forager (Herbal Academy; NC State lists their liver toxicity). Their flower heads are daisy-like, in flat-topped clusters, or have no petals at all, and their leaves are usually lobed, while goldenrod’s tiny heads are massed in cone- or plume-shaped clusters (Clallam County weed board; Flora of North America). Riverbank goldenrod’s own leaves are narrow, with smooth or finely toothed edges and no lobes (Flora of North America). Ragweed blooms at the same time but has greenish flowers in spikes and deeply lobed, fern-like leaves; it causes hay fever and skin rashes (NC State). Eat The Weeds warns that a toxic fungus sometimes found on goldenrod leaves can make tea from them harmful, and that the leaves are toxic to sheep; no extension or government source checked confirms either, so use only clean, unspotted plants. Watch for bees and wasps when gathering the flowers (Nature’s Restaurant).

Lookalikes

Safety flags

Safety marks and flags: what this means

Deadly lookalike / Toxic lookalike: a cited source names a lookalike of that danger, recorded near DC (an iNaturalist sighting within 25 km, a DC street tree, or a Smithsonian listing for DC) and looking like the part you eat. Other lookalikes are still listed, marked “not recorded near DC” or as not looking like the part you eat. Deadly means a source says eating it may be fatal or calls it deadly, or NC State rates it high severity with life-threatening symptoms (sources sometimes disagree; for example Virginia creeper). Each plant’s Lookalikes list says how to tell them apart; “harmless (may be edible)” lookalikes are listed so you know a mix-up isn’t dangerous. Cook first: cooking is needed for safety (for daylilies it is a precaution, not a sourced requirement). Eat in moderation: a source says to limit quantity or frequency (for example oxalates in sorrels and dock, ginkgotoxin, safrole). Spray risk: a source says the plant is commonly treated with herbicide in parks or lawns (invasive control, lawn weeds) or, for ginkgo, sprayed to stop fruiting. Contamination: a source says the plant concentrates pollutants. Each plant’s Safety flags list gives the details and sources.

ID risk
Careful
Why
Toxic lookalikes: ragworts and groundsels (Senecio, Packera and tansy ragwort) can look similar to a new forager (Herbal Academy); their flower heads are daisy-like in flat-topped clusters or have no petals, and their leaves are lobed, while goldenrod’s tiny heads are massed in cone- or plume-shaped clusters (Clallam County weed board; Flora of North America) and riverbank goldenrod’s narrow leaves are not lobed (Flora of North America). Ragweed, blooming at the same time, has greenish flowers and fern-like leaves (NC State).
Soil risk
moderate
ID risk: what this means

How hard it is to harvest safely. Beginner: no dangerous lookalike, and the edible part is not easily confused with a toxic part. Careful: a toxic lookalike, or toxic parts that end up in the harvest unless removed (for example elderberry stems, unripe ground cherries), or other parts of the plant rated medium-or-higher toxicity, with reliable features to separate them. Expert only: a potentially deadly lookalike that is hard to separate, or (for not-recommended harvests like pokeweed) a plant whose safe preparation can’t be guaranteed. Toxic parts that are obviously separate and thrown away anyway (pits, seeds, skins) don’t raise it; the Toxic parts mark carries that warning.

Soil risk: what this means

Based on the part you eat, following the urban-soil lead guidance on the Field safety page: higher for greens, shoots and roots; moderate for flowers; low for fruit, nuts and sap.

Field safety for every outing (poison ivy, ticks, soil, and more)

When to pick

Starts
mid Aug
Peak
–
Ends
late Sep

Riverbank goldenrod flowers from July to September across its range, earlier than most of its close relatives (Flora of North America; University of Waterloo). Maryland DNR calls it fall-flowering and found the Maryland plants in flower in September. Around DC it has been logged from late August into early October (iNaturalist), though none of those sightings notes whether the plant was in flower.

How the dates were worked out

Every start, peak and end was re-checked in October 2026. “Sourced” means a source opened during the check states that timing for the DC or Mid-Atlantic area. “Estimated” means no source states it exactly; the reason, the evidence and the source links are under “How the dates were worked out” on each plant’s page. Peaks are often estimated, because few sources name a peak. iNaturalist evidence means research-grade sightings near DC, by month, of the plant at that stage (for example, in fruit). iNaturalist is a website and phone app where people post photos of the plants and animals they see. A sighting is “research grade” when other users have confirmed what it is; “needs ID” sightings are not confirmed yet, and “cultivated” ones are marked as planted.

Season basis: estimated: start

Start

estimated: The July start is range-wide; around DC the plant is called fall-flowering and is first logged in late August, so the start is set at mid August.

Peak

End

sourced

Evidence

start: Flora of North America (range-wide): 'Flowering Jul–Sep.' University of Waterloo: blooms earlier than most of its relatives, 'July-August (September)'. Maryland DNR: 'a perennial, fall-flowering plant'. DC iNaturalist sightings including needs-ID, none with a flowering annotation: 3 in late August, 1 mid and 1 late September, 4 early October. | peak: Maryland DNR: the plants were found in September 2015 and 'A sample of the flowering plant was confirmed'. Only 9 DC sightings, none with a stage annotation. | end: Flora of North America: 'Flowering Jul–Sep.' University of Waterloo: 'July-August (September)'. Maryland DNR: found in flower near Carderock in September 2015.

Where to look

Flood-scoured rocky riverbanks of the Potomac Gorge; logged only along the C&O Canal (once near Carderock) and in Great Falls Park (VA), and picking flowers is not allowed in either park, so look but don’t pick.

Habitats
floodplain & stream-valley forest
Habitats: what this means

Listed where the plant’s own sources place it in that habitat. “Disturbed ground & waste places” means a cited source places it on disturbed areas, sites, soil or ground, on waste places or waste ground, on construction or abandoned building sites (old home sites count), on rubble or in strip mines. When the source gives examples of the disturbed places, at least one example must be of that kind. Examples that do not count: natural or forestry disturbance (treefall gaps, fire, windthrow, flood scour, old riverbanks and creeks, clear-cuts); roadsides, railroads and rights-of-way; and abandoned fields, pastures and farmland, which are “Old fields & meadows”. “Vacant lots” only where a source says vacant or empty lots.

Most-logged places

None of the most-logged places allows picking.

No picking here (2 places)
  • C&O Canal NHP (towpath, Georgetown to Great Falls MD and beyond)

    4 sightings · Legal to pick: no · see them on iNaturalist

    Look but don’t pick: the C&O Canal compendium covers only edible fruits, nuts, berries and mushrooms, and NPS parks can never designate leaves, flowers, roots or sap. Of these, 1 is at Carderock.

  • Great Falls Park (VA)

    2 sightings · Legal to pick: no · see them on iNaturalist

    Look but don’t pick: GW Memorial Parkway sites (incl. Great Falls VA, Theodore Roosevelt Island, Dyke Marsh) designate nothing for gathering.

Most-logged places: what this means

The places with the most research-grade iNaturalist sightings within 25 km of downtown DC (re-counted in October 2026 over every named place, campuses, condominiums and private grounds included), each marked legal to pick or not. A sighting inside several named places counts once, for the smallest of them, but a sighting inside a National Park Service park never counts for a private, campus or unchecked place. iNaturalist shows where people walk and log plants, not true abundance. Private campuses, condominiums, museums, estates and utility land (Pepco’s power-line land near Sligo Creek) are marked “no” (pick only with the owner’s permission); public university campuses, city parks and other places whose picking rules were not checked (county stormwater land, the U.S. Capitol Grounds, Greenbelt’s North Woods, federal facilities such as the National Zoo) are “unknown”. A place needs at least 2 sightings, so plants with very few sightings have no places. At-risk plants (butternut, nannyberry, American chestnut, ramps, riverbank goldenrod) get places like every other plant; each page says why the plant is at risk and gives any advice its sources give. For some places, mostly Rock Creek Park, the iNaturalist map shows more sightings than the count here, because a map link cannot leave out exactly the sightings credited to another place. iNaturalist is a website and phone app where people post photos of the plants and animals they see. A sighting is “research grade” when other users have confirmed what it is; “needs ID” sightings are not confirmed yet, and “cultivated” ones are marked as planted.

Ways to use it

  • salad garnish, fresh flowers (Edible Wild Food)
  • tea from fresh or dried flowers, alone or steeped with mint (Edible Wild Food; NC State)
  • harvest only newly opened, bright flowers, and shake the stalk to drop insects (Nature’s Restaurant)

Keeping

Use them the day you pick them, or dry them for tea.

Use within
pick & use same day
Keeps fresh
Same day; overnight at most in a bag in the fridge (general guidance for edible flowers). University of Minnesota Extension: harvest edible flowers the day you will use them, no more than one day early; wash gently, dry, and refrigerate in plastic bags until use.
Keeping basis
general guidance for its type

Ways to keep it

  • Dry as researched: dry/dehydrate (tea or seasoning); canning: n/a (not shelf-canned)

    Edible Wild Food: goldenrod flowers and leaves are used fresh or dried for tea. NCHFP (general guidance for herbs): dry in a dehydrator at 95–115°F for 1 to 4 hours, or hang small bunches inside paper bags, until crispy dry; store airtight in a cool, dry, dark place. Ohio State: dried herbs keep up to a year for best quality.

Canning: what this means

Shelf-stable canning, three levels. Lab-tested: a lab-tested recipe from the National Center for Home Food Preservation (NCHFP) or Oregon State covers this fruit and product, or a generic recipe for its kind (the line says so, for example chokeberry). Extension recipe: a published Extension recipe (University of Alaska Fairbanks, written for Alaska species; University of Maine’s dandelion jelly), or a process that is safe only with a pH meter; follow it exactly, never improvise. No tested recipe: refrigerate or freeze, don’t can. “Hot-bottled syrup” = maple and walnut syrup, which keep when bottled hot at full syrup density. The Canning line names the exact product each source covers, for example “whole berries” or “juice”; a product not named there (such as juice from a berry with only a whole-berry recipe) has no tested recipe.

Keeping basis: what this means

“Specific to this plant” or “general guidance for its type” (for example NCHFP guidance for leafy greens applied to a wild green).

Nutrition

Not researched: in October 2026, only the calendar’s plants of the month and chicory leaves were researched.

Native or not

Origin
native
Native range
scattered riverbanks of the eastern United States (Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia)
Virginia invasive rank
not listed
Maryland invasive status
not listed
Native or not, and the invader stars: what this means

Origin is where the plant comes from: native, non-native, or mixed (the harvest covers both). The stars rate plants on invasive plant lists: ★★★ Virginia DCR “High” or Maryland prohibited invasive · ★★ Virginia “Medium” · ★ Virginia “Low” · ☆ listed only by the Maryland Invasive Species Council or the Mid-Atlantic Plant Invaders guide (advisory) · no stars: native or not listed.

Virginia DCR, Virginia Invasive Plant Species List (effective September 2024), verbatim: "Under the DCR Invasive Species Assessment Protocol, approved by the Virginia Invasive Species Working Group, January 2024, species were ranked as exhibiting high, medium or low levels of invasiveness based on their threat to natural communities and native species. Invasiveness rank is higher for species that: • Alter ecosystem processes, such as succession, hydrology or fire regime. • Are capable of invading undisturbed natural communities. • Cause substantial impacts on rare or vulnerable species or natural communities or high-quality examples of more common communities. • Are found widely distributed and generally abundant where present. • Disperse readily to new areas. • Are difficult to control." The list also states: "The list is for educational purposes only and has no regulatory authority."

Maryland Department of Agriculture, Maryland Prohibited Invasive Plant Law and Regulations page, verbatim: "Plants on the Maryland Prohibited Invasive Plant List may not be added to stock after the effective date and should not be sold after their phase-out period ends."

No official DC invasive plant list was found.

How the ratings were set

Find
Elusive Estimate 6 = 6 research-grade iNaturalist sightings within 25 km + 3 needs-ID sightings counted at 0.6% (6 of the 971 research-grade Solidago sightings here are riverbank goldenrod) + 0 'cultivated' (planted) sightings (rule A); that is tier 4 by count (rule B). Rule D (scarce here): the Digital Atlas of the Virginia Flora says "Rare, n. mountains and n. Piedmont; known only from the Potomac River gorge west of Washington, D.C." So only its planted sightings count: 0, which is tier 4. Final tier 4.
Effort
Grab & eat Shake out insects and strip the fresh flowers onto a salad as a garnish; steeping them for tea is a 2.
Find: what this means

1 Everywhere · 2 Common in the right habitat · 3 Patchy · 4 Elusive. This is about how much there is, not whether you may pick it. It is based on iNaturalist sightings within 25 km (about 15 miles) of downtown DC, counted on October 3, 2026. The four rules that each plant’s “Find” reason refers to: (A) the estimate is the confirmed sightings, plus the unconfirmed ones (scaled down where the plant has lookalikes in its genus), plus the sightings marked as planted; (B) the tier by estimate: 1,500 or more is tier 1, 250–1,499 tier 2, 50–249 tier 3, under 50 tier 4; (C) tier 1, Everywhere, also needs a source saying the plant is common in lawns, sidewalks, yards or gardens, vacant lots or towns, or at least one DC street tree of it per km of sidewalk, otherwise it is tier 2; (D) if a reliable source says the plant is rare in this region, or that wild plants rarely bear the harvest, only planted sightings count. iNaturalist is a website and phone app where people post photos of the plants and animals they see. A sighting is “research grade” when other users have confirmed what it is; “needs ID” sightings are not confirmed yet, and “cultivated” ones are marked as planted.

Effort: what this means

1 Grab & eat · 2 Quick kitchen prep (under about 30 minutes) · 3 Real work (hours, or cooking needed for safety) · 4 Project (days or equipment). Scored on the simplest worthwhile use; each plant’s page says why.

Sources

34 sources, each linked to the original.

  1. Solidago racemosa (Sticky Goldenrod) Digital Atlas of the Virginia Flora (Virginia Botanical Associates)Backs up: picking rules
  2. A Century Lost: Rediscovering a Rare Plant 112 Years Later NatureServeBacks up: picking rules
  3. List of Rare, Threatened, and Endangered Plants of Maryland (March 2026) Maryland Department of Natural Resources, Wildlife and Heritage ServiceBacks up: picking rules
  4. Natural Heritage Resources of Virginia: Rare Plants (2026-Fall; published September 2026) Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural HeritageBacks up: picking rules
  5. Rock Creek Park Superintendent’s Compendium National Park ServiceBacks up: picking rules
  6. Solidago rupestris, Rock Goldenrod (J. C. Semple) University of Waterloo, Astereae LabBacks up: description, season
  7. Flora of North America, vol. 20: Solidago rupestris (Semple & Cook) Flora of North America Editorial Committee (via eFloras.org)Backs up: description, season, habitat, safety, native or invasive status
  8. iNaturalist research-grade observations of riverbank goldenrod (Solidago rupestris) within 25 km of downtown DC iNaturalistBacks up: findability
  9. Solidago rupestris (Riverbank Goldenrod, Rock Goldenrod) Digital Atlas of the Virginia Flora (Virginia Botanical Associates)Backs up: habitat, picking rules, findability
  10. Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Washington-Baltimore Area (Shetler & Orli) Smithsonian Institution, Department of BotanyBacks up: habitat, picking rules, safety
  11. Rare Plant Rediscovered in Maryland after 112 Years (March 7, 2016) Maryland Department of Natural ResourcesBacks up: habitat, season, picking rules
  12. Edible flowers University of Minnesota ExtensionBacks up: keeping
  13. Herbs (drying) National Center for Home Food Preservation (University of Georgia)Backs up: keeping
  14. Food Preservation: Preserving Herbs—Freezing and Drying (HYG-5360) Ohio State University ExtensionBacks up: keeping
  15. USDA PLANTS Database: Solidago rupestris (SORU3), native status USDA NRCSBacks up: native or invasive status
  16. Virginia Invasive Plant Species List (effective date: September 2024) Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural HeritageBacks up: native or invasive status
  17. Maryland Prohibited Invasive Plant Law and Regulations (Maryland Prohibited Invasive Plant List, updated January 2026; additions effective July 15, 2026; 'Next Plants To Be Assessed' 2026-2027) Maryland Department of Agriculture, Plant Protection & Weed ManagementBacks up: native or invasive status
  18. Non-Native Invasive Terrestrial Plant Species in the State of Maryland (updates approved through the April 18, 2024 MISC meeting) Maryland Invasive Species CouncilBacks up: native or invasive status
  19. Plant Invaders of Mid-Atlantic Natural Areas, Field Guide (Swearingen & Fulton, 2022; successor to the NPS/USFWS 5th ed., 2017) Mid-Atlantic Invasive Plant Council / Passiflora Press (hosted by Bugwood/Mid-Atlantic Invaders Tool)Backs up: native or invasive status
  20. Invasive Plants in the District DC Department of Energy & EnvironmentBacks up: native or invasive status
  21. Goldenrod Glorified (Green Deane) Eat The WeedsBacks up: safety
  22. Community herbal monograph on Solidago virgaurea L., herba (EMEA/HMPC/285758/2007, 2008) European Medicines Agency, Committee on Herbal Medicinal ProductsBacks up: safety
  23. Addendum to Assessment report on Solidago virgaurea L., herba (EMA/HMPC/637909/2018, 2021) European Medicines Agency, Committee on Herbal Medicinal ProductsBacks up: safety
  24. Identification of clinically relevant cross-sensitization between Solidago virgaurea (goldenrod) and Hevea brasiliensis (natural rubber latex) (Bains et al., J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2010;20(4):331-9), PubMed abstract Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology (via PubMed, US National Library of Medicine)Backs up: safety
  25. Foraging Goldenrod Herbal AcademyBacks up: safety
  26. Tansy ragwort (Jacobaea vulgaris), weed sheet (rev. 1/2026) Clallam County Noxious Weed Control Board (Washington)Backs up: safety
  27. Packera aurea (Golden Ragwort) NC State Extension Gardener Plant ToolboxBacks up: safety
  28. Senecio vulgaris (Common Groundsel) NC State Extension Gardener Plant ToolboxBacks up: safety
  29. Ambrosia artemisiifolia (Common Ragweed) NC State Extension Gardener Plant ToolboxBacks up: safety
  30. Observations (research grade and needs ID) of riverbank goldenrod within 25 km of DC, by day iNaturalistBacks up: season
  31. Minty Goldenrod Tea Edible Wild FoodBacks up: uses
  32. Solidago (Goldenrod) NC State Extension Gardener Plant ToolboxBacks up: uses, safety
  33. Goldenrod Greens & Flowers Nature’s Restaurant (wild food guide)Backs up: uses, safety
  34. Goldenrod Edible Wild FoodBacks up: uses, keeping