No. 61
Wild grape
Vitis labrusca, V. aestivalis, V. riparia, V. vulpina (also V. cinerea)
fox, summer, riverbank, winter/frost grape
Fruit ripe grapes
Drawing: Britton & Brown, Illustrated Flora (1913)
- Find
- Common in the right habitat
- Effort
- Grab & eat
- ID risk
- Careful
- Origin
- native
- Safety marks
- Deadly lookalike
- Toxic lookalike
- Spray risk
- Uses
- Eat raw / salad
- Jam & jelly
- Syrup & cordial
- Juice & drinks
- Wine & spirits
- Dried fruit & leather
Season
- Jan
- Feb
- Mar
- Apr
- May
- Jun
- Jul
- Aug
- Sep
- Oct
- Nov
- Dec
in season peak
What these mean
Find
1 Everywhere · 2 Common in the right habitat · 3 Patchy · 4 Elusive. This is about how much there is, not whether you may pick it. It is based on iNaturalist sightings within 25 km (about 15 miles) of downtown DC, counted on October 3, 2026. The four rules that each plant’s “Find” reason refers to: (A) the estimate is the confirmed sightings, plus the unconfirmed ones (scaled down where the plant has lookalikes in its genus), plus the sightings marked as planted; (B) the tier by estimate: 1,500 or more is tier 1, 250–1,499 tier 2, 50–249 tier 3, under 50 tier 4; (C) tier 1, Everywhere, also needs a source saying the plant is common in lawns, sidewalks, yards or gardens, vacant lots or towns, or at least one DC street tree of it per km of sidewalk, otherwise it is tier 2; (D) if a reliable source says the plant is rare in this region, or that wild plants rarely bear the harvest, only planted sightings count. iNaturalist is a website and phone app where people post photos of the plants and animals they see. A sighting is “research grade” when other users have confirmed what it is; “needs ID” sightings are not confirmed yet, and “cultivated” ones are marked as planted.
Effort
1 Grab & eat · 2 Quick kitchen prep (under about 30 minutes) · 3 Real work (hours, or cooking needed for safety) · 4 Project (days or equipment). Scored on the simplest worthwhile use; each plant’s page says why.
ID risk
How hard it is to harvest safely. Beginner: no dangerous lookalike, and the edible part is not easily confused with a toxic part. Careful: a toxic lookalike, or toxic parts that end up in the harvest unless removed (for example elderberry stems, unripe ground cherries), or other parts of the plant rated medium-or-higher toxicity, with reliable features to separate them. Expert only: a potentially deadly lookalike that is hard to separate, or (for not-recommended harvests like pokeweed) a plant whose safe preparation can’t be guaranteed. Toxic parts that are obviously separate and thrown away anyway (pits, seeds, skins) don’t raise it; the Toxic parts mark carries that warning.
Native or not, and the invader stars
Origin is where the plant comes from: native, non-native, or mixed (the harvest covers both). The stars rate plants on invasive plant lists: ★★★ Virginia DCR “High” or Maryland prohibited invasive · ★★ Virginia “Medium” · ★ Virginia “Low” · ☆ listed only by the Maryland Invasive Species Council or the Mid-Atlantic Plant Invaders guide (advisory) · no stars: native or not listed.
Safety marks and flags
Deadly lookalike / Toxic lookalike: a cited source names a lookalike of that danger. Deadly means a source says eating it may be fatal or calls it deadly, or NC State rates it high severity with life-threatening symptoms (sources sometimes disagree; for example Virginia creeper). Each plant’s Lookalikes list says how to tell them apart; “harmless (may be edible)” lookalikes are listed so you know a mix-up isn’t dangerous. Cook first: cooking is needed for safety (for daylilies it is a precaution, not a sourced requirement). Eat in moderation: a source says to limit quantity or frequency (for example oxalates in sorrels and dock, ginkgotoxin, safrole). Spray risk: a source says the plant is commonly treated with herbicide in parks or lawns (invasive control, lawn weeds) or, for ginkgo, sprayed to stop fruiting. Contamination: a source says the plant concentrates pollutants. Each plant’s Safety flags list gives the details and sources.
Seasons
Start, peak and end are given in thirds of a month: early, mid or late. A plant counts as in season for a month if it is in season at any point in that month. Some greens and roots have a second window, in spring or fall; their page shows each window. A season that runs across New Year is shown as one window.
What it looks like
Woody, high-climbing vines with shaggy bark that peels in strips. They climb with forked tendrils, and the large heart-shaped leaves are toothed and often 3-lobed. The undersides are woolly in fox grape, whitish in summer grape and greenish in winter grape. Clusters of small grapes ripen purple to black, often with a whitish bloom. Size ranges from 3-9 mm in winter grape to 10-25 mm in fox grape. Flavor varies from very tart to sweet; fox grape is sweet, with a strong flavor.
Safety
POISONOUS LOOKALIKES. (1) Canada moonseed (Menispermum canadense) has grape-like clusters of dark fruit at the same time of year, and the fruit can be fatal. Each moonseed fruit has ONE flat, crescent-shaped seed (grapes have 1-4 rounded or pear-shaped seeds), and the vine has NO tendrils. Bite or cut open a fruit and check the seed. (2) Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) has small blue-black berries that are toxic and possibly fatal. Its leaves have 5 separate leaflets, and its tendrils end in adhesive pads. (3) Porcelain berry (Ampelopsis) is an invasive with speckled multicolored berries and white pith (grape pith is brown). Identify the plant with certainty before eating.
Lookalikes
Canada moonseed Menispermum canadense deadly
Each moonseed fruit holds ONE flat, crescent-shaped seed and the vine has no tendrils; grapes have 1-4 rounded or pear-shaped seeds, so cut a fruit open and check.
- Menispermum canadense (Moonseed) NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox
- Menispermum canadense (CLIMBERS project) University of Michigan, College of LSA
- Wild Edibles of Missouri (Jan Phillips) Missouri Department of Conservation
Virginia creeper Parthenocissus quinquefolia deadly
Virginia creeper’s small blue-black berries come from a vine whose leaves have 5 separate leaflets and whose tendrils end in adhesive pads.
- Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Virginia Creeper) NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox
- Virginia creeper and wisteria: Pretty but poisonous National Capital Poison Center (poison.org)
Pokeweed (pokeberries) Phytolacca americana deadly
Pokeberries hang in clusters from reddish-purple, non-woody stems that look nothing like a woody grapevine; children are the ones most likely to confuse them. Several berries cause stomach illness (poison.org); the roots are the most dangerous part (MDC).
- Pokeberries: A grape look-alike National Capital Poison Center (poison.org)
- Phytolacca americana (Pokeweed) NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox
- Wild Edibles of Missouri (Jan Phillips) Missouri Department of Conservation
Porcelain-berry Ampelopsis glandulosa var. brevipedunculata toxic
Porcelain-berry has speckled, multicolored berries and white pith in its stems; grape pith is brown.
- Native Grapes of the National Capital Region National Park Service
- Ampelopsis glandulosa var. brevipedunculata (Porcelain Berry) NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox
Safety flags
Spray risk
Penn State lists dicamba, fosamine and 2,4-D for controlling wild grape in forestry, and porcelain-berry in the same tangles is an invasive-control target (Virginia Dept. of Forestry), so vines in managed woodlots or natural areas may be sprayed.
- Wild Grape Penn State Extension
- Non-Native Invasive Plant Species Control Treatments (Forestry Topic 31, Oct. 2018) Virginia Department of Forestry
Safety marks and flags: what this means
Deadly lookalike / Toxic lookalike: a cited source names a lookalike of that danger. Deadly means a source says eating it may be fatal or calls it deadly, or NC State rates it high severity with life-threatening symptoms (sources sometimes disagree; for example Virginia creeper). Each plant’s Lookalikes list says how to tell them apart; “harmless (may be edible)” lookalikes are listed so you know a mix-up isn’t dangerous. Cook first: cooking is needed for safety (for daylilies it is a precaution, not a sourced requirement). Eat in moderation: a source says to limit quantity or frequency (for example oxalates in sorrels and dock, ginkgotoxin, safrole). Spray risk: a source says the plant is commonly treated with herbicide in parks or lawns (invasive control, lawn weeds) or, for ginkgo, sprayed to stop fruiting. Contamination: a source says the plant concentrates pollutants. Each plant’s Safety flags list gives the details and sources.
- ID risk
- Careful
- Why
- Lookalike Canada moonseed has grape-like clusters and can be fatal: each moonseed fruit has ONE flat crescent seed (grapes 1-4 rounded) and the vine has no tendrils. Virginia creeper berries are toxic; its leaves have 5 leaflets and tendrils end in pads. Porcelain berry has white pith (grape pith is brown).
- Soil risk
- low
ID risk: what this means
How hard it is to harvest safely. Beginner: no dangerous lookalike, and the edible part is not easily confused with a toxic part. Careful: a toxic lookalike, or toxic parts that end up in the harvest unless removed (for example elderberry stems, unripe ground cherries), or other parts of the plant rated medium-or-higher toxicity, with reliable features to separate them. Expert only: a potentially deadly lookalike that is hard to separate, or (for not-recommended harvests like pokeweed) a plant whose safe preparation can’t be guaranteed. Toxic parts that are obviously separate and thrown away anyway (pits, seeds, skins) don’t raise it; the Toxic parts mark carries that warning.
Soil risk: what this means
Based on the part you eat, following the urban-soil lead guidance on the Field safety page: higher for greens, shoots and roots; moderate for flowers; low for fruit, nuts and sap.
Field safety for every outing (poison ivy, ticks, soil, and more)
When to pick
- Starts
- early Sep
- Peak
- mid Sep–mid Sep
- Ends
- late Nov
Wild grapes ripen from late summer through fall (National Park Service). Timing overlaps across species: NC State gives frost grape (Vitis vulpina) August-November and summer grape September-October. Winter (frost) grape, the most common grape in the region, stays sour until after frost (NC State), and its small fruit can hang on into winter as raisins (National Park Service; Penn State), by which point it is mostly bird food. Ripe grapes are dark and soft. Taste one before picking a whole cluster.
How the dates were worked out
Every start, peak and end was re-checked in October 2026. “Sourced” means a source opened during the check states that timing for the DC or Mid-Atlantic area. “Estimated” means no source states it exactly; the reason, the evidence and the source links are under “How the dates were worked out” on each plant’s page. Peaks are often estimated, because few sources name a peak. iNaturalist evidence means research-grade sightings near DC, by month, of the plant at that stage (for example, in fruit). iNaturalist is a website and phone app where people post photos of the plants and animals they see. A sighting is “research grade” when other users have confirmed what it is; “needs ID” sightings are not confirmed yet, and “cultivated” ones are marked as planted.
Season basis: estimated: start, peak, end
Start
estimated: No source dates the first ripe grapes near DC; early September fits the local records and the mid-September summer-grape timing.
Peak
estimated: No source gives a regional peak; mid-September is where the species' ranges overlap most.
End
estimated: The month is sourced, but 'late' is the outer edge of NC State’s North Carolina range; frost-sweetened winter grapes can hang on later, mostly as bird food (NPS).
Evidence
start: The 4 DC iNaturalist fruiting records are all from early to mid September. Virginia DWR (southwest Virginia) says summer grapes ripen in mid-September. NPS: winter grape is by far the most common grape in the National Capital Region, and NC State says it stays sour until frost. Penn State’s 'July to October' and NC State’s 'August to November' are wider ranges from Pennsylvania and North Carolina. | peak: NC State: summer grape fruit 'available from September to October'. NPS: late summer through fall. The 4 DC iNaturalist fruiting records are all from early-to-mid September. | end: NC State: frost grape fruits 'available from August to November' and sweeten after frost. Penn State: fruit 'can remain on the vine through the winter'.
- api.inaturalist.org/v1/observations/histogram
- Free Fall Food for the Asking: Locavore Living (Bruce Ingram, Sept 2018) Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources
- Native Grapes of the National Capital Region National Park Service
- Vitis vulpina (Frost Grape) NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox
- Wild Grape Penn State Extension
- Vitis aestivalis (Summer Grape) NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox
Where to look
Vines climbing into sunny edges and riverbanks; legal at NACE sites such as Piscataway Park and Greenbelt Park and in Prince William Forest Park, while on the C&O Canal, where grapes are logged most, they are not on the limits list, so picking there is ambiguous: ask the park.
- Habitats
- disturbed ground & waste places, old fields & meadows, woods edges, trailsides & thickets, floodplain & stream-valley forest
Habitats: what this means
Listed where the plant’s own sources place it in that habitat. “Disturbed ground & waste places” means a cited source places it on disturbed areas, sites, soil or ground, on waste places or waste ground, on construction or abandoned building sites (old home sites count), on rubble or in strip mines. When the source gives examples of the disturbed places, at least one example must be of that kind. Examples that do not count: natural or forestry disturbance (treefall gaps, fire, windthrow, flood scour, old riverbanks and creeks, clear-cuts); roadsides, railroads and rights-of-way; and abandoned fields, pastures and farmland, which are “Old fields & meadows”. “Vacant lots” only where a source says vacant or empty lots.
Most-logged places
None of the most-logged places allows picking.
Ask first: rules unclear or not checked
- C&O Canal NHP (towpath, Georgetown to Great Falls MD and beyond)
Ambiguous: the C&O compendium allows edible fruits, nuts and berries generally but sets no limit for this one; ask the park first.
No picking here (4 places)
- Rock Creek Park
Look but don’t pick: Rock Creek Park’s compendium bans gathering any fruit, nut, berry, seed or greenery.
- Dumbarton Oaks gardens (Harvard University, private)
Private property: pick only with the owner’s permission.
- Sligo Creek Stream Valley Park
Look but don’t pick: Montgomery/Prince George’s parks (M-NCPPC) ban harvesting vegetation without a permit.
- Four Mile Run stream valley (Arlington/Alexandria)
Look but don’t pick: Arlington County park rules (flora shall not be removed or disturbed) and Alexandria’s permit rule both apply.
Most-logged places: what this means
The places with the most research-grade iNaturalist sightings within 25 km of downtown DC (re-counted in October 2026 over every named place, campuses, condominiums and private grounds included), each marked legal to pick or not. A sighting inside several named places counts once, for the smallest of them, but a sighting inside a National Park Service park never counts for a private, campus or unchecked place. iNaturalist shows where people walk and log plants, not true abundance. Private campuses, condominiums, museums, estates and utility land (Pepco’s power-line land near Sligo Creek) are marked “no” (pick only with the owner’s permission); public university campuses, city parks and other places whose picking rules were not checked (county stormwater land, the U.S. Capitol Grounds, Greenbelt’s North Woods, federal facilities such as the National Zoo) are “unknown”. A place needs at least 2 sightings, so plants with very few sightings (rugosa rose) have no places. No most-logged places are named for at-risk plants (ramps, chinquapin, American chestnut); chinquapin’s page names Mason Neck State Park, where picking is legal, and asks you to leave most nuts. For some places, mostly Rock Creek Park, the iNaturalist map shows more sightings than the count here, because a map link cannot leave out exactly the sightings credited to another place. iNaturalist is a website and phone app where people post photos of the plants and animals they see. A sighting is “research grade” when other users have confirmed what it is; “needs ID” sightings are not confirmed yet, and “cultivated” ones are marked as planted.
Where you may pick
Native and important winter food for birds; leave plenty. C&O Canal NHP’s compendium says edible fruits, nuts and berries may be gathered by hand for personal use but sets limits only for listed species; this one is not listed, so its status there is ambiguous: confirm with the park. Rock Creek Park’s 2026 compendium bans gathering any fruits, berries or seeds for personal use.
- Best legal spot
- Piscataway Park, NACE (2 obs)
- C&O Canal NHP (incl. Great Falls MD, trail-side only)
C&O 2026 compendium 2.1(c)(1): 'Edible fruits, nuts, berries, and mushrooms may be gathered by hand for personal use or consumption.' The limits table that follows does not list this species. 36 CFR 2.1(c)(1) requires designating 'certain' fruits, so the narrower reading (listed species only) is also possible. Confirm with the park.
- National Capital Parks-East (listed sites only)
NACE 2026 compendium 2.1(c)(1), (c)(2)(ii): designated items are blueberries, blackberries, grapes, pawpaws, raspberries, walnuts and apples (apples not at Oxon Hill Farm), in amounts under one quart, at seven listed areas; covers grapes
- Prince William Forest Park
PRWI compendium (May 29, 2026) 36 CFR 2.1 'Plant Collection': 'grapes (Vifis [Vitis] spp.)'
- Virginia State Parks
4VAC5-30-50 bars gathering any plant without a permit, except that edible fruits, berries, fungi or nuts may be collected for personal or individual use; wild grapes are edible fruits
Where you may pick: what this means
For each park system: “yes” where its current rules (the park’s compendium or regulation) allow this plant or part, with the limit; “ambiguous” where the wording may or may not cover it, so ask the park; “no” where it is not allowed. Rock Creek Park, the GW Parkway sites (including Great Falls VA and Theodore Roosevelt Island), the National Mall, Montgomery and Prince George’s parks, Maryland state parks, and Fairfax and Arlington parks prohibit picking. Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts allows blackberries and raspberries (one gallon per person per day) and chestnuts (one gallon per person per day). National Park Service rules are reissued every year; other parks change theirs from time to time, so check the park’s current rules. The Where you may pick page has every park’s rules.
Ways to use it
- jelly
- juice
- wine
- eat fresh
- dried
- syrup
Keeping
Juice them within about 5 days of picking (refrigerated), refrigerate the juice 24 to 48 hours so tartrate crystals settle (NCHFP), then freeze it or make jelly.
- Use within
- within a few days
- Keeps fresh
- General guidance for grapes: store loosely and unwashed in the refrigerator, in a paper towel or plastic bag, up to 5 days (Purdue). Winter and summer grapes can hang on as dried raisins into winter (NPS).
- Canning
- lab-tested: jelly, juice, berry syrup (NCHFP)
- Keeping basis
- specific to this plant
Ways to keep it
Can as researched: can (water bath); canning: lab-tested: juice (NCHFP)
NCHFP’s tested grape juice: refrigerate the juice 24 to 48 hours so tartrate crystals settle, pour off the clear juice, then can it.
Ferment as researched: ferment/wine; canning: n/a (not shelf-canned)
Wine is a listed use.
Freeze as researched: freeze; canning: n/a (not shelf-canned)
Freeze juice (strain and settle out tartrate crystals first) or seeded purée (NCHFP freezing grapes).
Jam/jelly as researched: jam/jelly; canning: lab-tested: jelly (NCHFP)
NCHFP’s tested grape jelly (powdered pectin) and grape jelly without added pectin (boiling-water canner).
Syrup as researched: syrup/cordial; canning: lab-tested: berry syrup (NCHFP)
Grapes are on NCHFP’s tested berry-syrup list.
Canning: what this means
Shelf-stable canning, three levels. Lab-tested: a lab-tested recipe from the National Center for Home Food Preservation (NCHFP) or Oregon State covers this fruit and product, or a generic recipe for its kind (the line says so, for example chokeberry). Extension recipe: a published Extension recipe (University of Alaska Fairbanks, written for Alaska species; University of Maine’s dandelion jelly), or a process that is safe only with a pH meter; follow it exactly, never improvise. No tested recipe: refrigerate or freeze, don’t can. “Hot-bottled syrup” = maple and walnut syrup, which keep when bottled hot at full syrup density. The Canning line names the exact product each source covers, for example “whole berries” or “juice”; a product not named there (such as juice from a berry with only a whole-berry recipe) has no tested recipe.
Keeping basis: what this means
“Specific to this plant” or “general guidance for its type” (for example NCHFP guidance for leafy greens applied to a wild green).
Nutrition
Not researched: in October 2026, only the calendar’s plants of the month and chicory leaves were researched.
Native or not
All named species native. Occasional escaped European wine grape (V. vinifera) is introduced but not listed anywhere. Key lookalike: porcelain-berry (Ampelopsis glandulosa var. brevipedunculata, East Asian), VA DCR High, MISC-listed, Plant Invaders field guide p. 126.
- Origin
- native
- Native range
- eastern North America
- Virginia invasive rank
- not listed
- Maryland invasive status
- not listed
Native or not, and the invader stars: what this means
Origin is where the plant comes from: native, non-native, or mixed (the harvest covers both). The stars rate plants on invasive plant lists: ★★★ Virginia DCR “High” or Maryland prohibited invasive · ★★ Virginia “Medium” · ★ Virginia “Low” · ☆ listed only by the Maryland Invasive Species Council or the Mid-Atlantic Plant Invaders guide (advisory) · no stars: native or not listed.
Virginia DCR, Virginia Invasive Plant Species List (effective September 2024), verbatim: "Under the DCR Invasive Species Assessment Protocol, approved by the Virginia Invasive Species Working Group, January 2024, species were ranked as exhibiting high, medium or low levels of invasiveness based on their threat to natural communities and native species. Invasiveness rank is higher for species that: • Alter ecosystem processes, such as succession, hydrology or fire regime. • Are capable of invading undisturbed natural communities. • Cause substantial impacts on rare or vulnerable species or natural communities or high-quality examples of more common communities. • Are found widely distributed and generally abundant where present. • Disperse readily to new areas. • Are difficult to control." The list also states: "The list is for educational purposes only and has no regulatory authority."
Maryland Department of Agriculture, Maryland Prohibited Invasive Plant Law and Regulations page, verbatim: "Plants on the Maryland Prohibited Invasive Plant List may not be added to stock after the effective date and should not be sold after their phase-out period ends."
No official DC invasive plant list was found.
How the ratings were set
- Find
- Common in the right habitat Estimate 2,480 = 135 research-grade iNaturalist sightings within 25 km + 2,295 needs-ID sightings counted in full (the harvest is the whole genus) + 50 'cultivated' (planted) sightings (rule A); that is tier 1 by count (rule B). Rule C: none of its sources says it is common in, or a weed of, an everyday place (lawns, sidewalks, yards or gardens, vacant lots, towns), so it cannot be tier 1 (Everywhere). Rule D does not apply: the National Park Service calls rock grape "a rare species", but rock grape is only 4 of the 128 research-grade grape sightings here identified to species (October 5 count), not the harvest as a whole, and the same article calls grapes "the most abundant vines native to the National Capital Region". Final tier 2.
- Effort
- Grab & eat Check a fruit’s seeds against moonseed, then eat ripe grapes fresh; small sour species are better as juice or jelly, which is a 3.
Find: what this means
1 Everywhere · 2 Common in the right habitat · 3 Patchy · 4 Elusive. This is about how much there is, not whether you may pick it. It is based on iNaturalist sightings within 25 km (about 15 miles) of downtown DC, counted on October 3, 2026. The four rules that each plant’s “Find” reason refers to: (A) the estimate is the confirmed sightings, plus the unconfirmed ones (scaled down where the plant has lookalikes in its genus), plus the sightings marked as planted; (B) the tier by estimate: 1,500 or more is tier 1, 250–1,499 tier 2, 50–249 tier 3, under 50 tier 4; (C) tier 1, Everywhere, also needs a source saying the plant is common in lawns, sidewalks, yards or gardens, vacant lots or towns, or at least one DC street tree of it per km of sidewalk, otherwise it is tier 2; (D) if a reliable source says the plant is rare in this region, or that wild plants rarely bear the harvest, only planted sightings count. iNaturalist is a website and phone app where people post photos of the plants and animals they see. A sighting is “research grade” when other users have confirmed what it is; “needs ID” sightings are not confirmed yet, and “cultivated” ones are marked as planted.
Effort: what this means
1 Grab & eat · 2 Quick kitchen prep (under about 30 minutes) · 3 Real work (hours, or cooking needed for safety) · 4 Project (days or equipment). Scored on the simplest worthwhile use; each plant’s page says why.
Sources
36 sources, each linked to the original.
- C&O Canal NHP Superintendent’s Compendium, effective September 11, 2026 National Park Service, Chesapeake and Ohio Canal NHPBacks up: picking rules
- Rock Creek Park Superintendent’s Compendium (2026) National Park Service, Rock Creek ParkBacks up: picking rules
- Vitis labrusca (fox grape) University of Tennessee, Tennessee Smart YardsBacks up: description, uses
- Vitis labrusca (CLIMBERS) University of MichiganBacks up: description, uses, habitat
- iNaturalist research-grade observations of Vitis (genus) within 25 km of downtown DC iNaturalistBacks up: findability
- Grape (FoodLink produce sheet) Purdue Extension FoodLinkBacks up: keeping
- Grape Juice (canning) National Center for Home Food Preservation (Univ. of Georgia)Backs up: keeping
- Grape Jelly Powdered Pectin National Center for Home Food Preservation (Univ. of Georgia)Backs up: keeping
- Freezing Grapes National Center for Home Food Preservation (Univ. of Georgia)Backs up: keeping
- Making Jelly without added Pectin National Center for Home Food Preservation (Univ. of Georgia)Backs up: keeping
- USDA PLANTS Database: Vitis labrusca (VILA8), native status USDA NRCSBacks up: native or invasive status
- USDA PLANTS Database: Vitis aestivalis (VIAE), native status USDA NRCSBacks up: native or invasive status
- USDA PLANTS Database: Vitis riparia (VIRI), native status USDA NRCSBacks up: native or invasive status
- USDA PLANTS Database: Vitis vulpina (VIVU), native status USDA NRCSBacks up: native or invasive status
- USDA PLANTS Database: Vitis cinerea (VICI2), native status USDA NRCSBacks up: native or invasive status
- USDA PLANTS Database: Vitis vinifera (VIVI5), native status USDA NRCSBacks up: native or invasive status
- Plant Invaders of Mid-Atlantic Natural Areas, Field Guide (Swearingen & Fulton, 2022; successor to the NPS/USFWS 5th ed., 2017) Mid-Atlantic Invasive Plant Council / Passiflora Press (hosted by Bugwood/Mid-Atlantic Invaders Tool)Backs up: native or invasive status
- Virginia Invasive Plant Species List (effective date: September 2024) Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural HeritageBacks up: native or invasive status
- Maryland Prohibited Invasive Plant Law and Regulations (Maryland Prohibited Invasive Plant List, updated January 2026; additions effective July 15, 2026; 'Next Plants To Be Assessed' 2026-2027) Maryland Department of Agriculture, Plant Protection & Weed ManagementBacks up: native or invasive status
- Non-Native Invasive Terrestrial Plant Species in the State of Maryland (updates approved through the April 18, 2024 MISC meeting) Maryland Invasive Species CouncilBacks up: native or invasive status
- Invasive Plants in the District DC Department of Energy & EnvironmentBacks up: native or invasive status
- Menispermum canadense (Moonseed) NC State Extension Gardener Plant ToolboxBacks up: safety
- Menispermum canadense (CLIMBERS project) University of Michigan, College of LSABacks up: safety
- Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Virginia Creeper) NC State Extension Gardener Plant ToolboxBacks up: safety
- Wild Edibles of Missouri (Jan Phillips) Missouri Department of ConservationBacks up: safety details
- Virginia creeper and wisteria: Pretty but poisonous National Capital Poison Center (poison.org)Backs up: safety details
- Ampelopsis glandulosa var. brevipedunculata (Porcelain Berry) NC State Extension Gardener Plant ToolboxBacks up: safety details
- Pokeberries: A grape look-alike National Capital Poison Center (poison.org)Backs up: safety details
- Phytolacca americana (Pokeweed) NC State Extension Gardener Plant ToolboxBacks up: safety details
- Non-Native Invasive Plant Species Control Treatments (Forestry Topic 31, Oct. 2018) Virginia Department of ForestryBacks up: safety details
- Native Grapes of the National Capital Region National Park ServiceBacks up: season, description, habitat, safety, keeping
- Wild Grape Penn State ExtensionBacks up: season, description, safety, habitat
- Vitis aestivalis (Summer Grape) NC State Extension Gardener Plant ToolboxBacks up: season, description, uses
- Vitis vulpina (Frost Grape) NC State Extension Gardener Plant ToolboxBacks up: season, description, uses
- Vitis riparia (Riverbank/Frost Grape) NC State Extension Gardener Plant ToolboxBacks up: season, description, uses, safety, habitat
- Berry Syrup (canning) National Center for Home Food Preservation (Univ. of Georgia)Backs up: uses, keeping